Clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with time spent sitting in military police.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between clinical and sociodemographic factors and time spent sitting in military police. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study, with 432 military police officers from Eastern Regional Policing Command units of the Military Police of Bahia de Feira de Santana. Data collection took place from August to December 2022 through Google Forms using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS: Men predominated (82.35%), race/color was black (87.04%), the head of the family had completed higher education (47.69%) and police officers with a partner (81.94%). The risk of time spent sitting ≥ 180 minutes per day was lower in males (IRR < 1). Increasing age was associated with a lower risk of time spent sitting ≥ 180 minutes per day (IRR < 1). CONCLUSION: Male police officers with more years of experience were less exposed to sedentary behavior. Specific interventions and health policies aimed at combating sedentary behavior become relevant, aiming to promote health and prevent diseases.

Fatores associados a incapacidade funcional após acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico / Factores asociados a incapacidad funcional después de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico / Factors associated with functional disability after ischemic stroke

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o nível de incapacidade funcional e identificar os fatores associados em pessoas após Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquêmico. Métodos Coorte prospectiva, realizada em hospital de referência em neurologia, com 224 pessoas com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre março a outubro de 2019. Os participantes foram acompanhados durante a internação, quando as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foram levantadas empregando-se instrumentos específicos e contatados após 90 dias, por ligação telefônica, para aplicação do Índice de Barthel modificado. Na análise, aplicou-se estatística descritiva e o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Adotou-se significância estatística de 5%. Resultados A maioria apresentou algum grau de incapacidade funcional (58,5%), sendo que 29,5% apresentaram dependência moderada e 29,0% severa ou grave. As variáveis sexo feminino (p=0,011), tempo de chegada ao hospital de referência maior ou igual a 4,5h (p=0,017), Acidente vascular cerebral prévio (p=0,031), não ter realizado trombólise (p=0,023), ter hipertensão arterial (p=0,032) e maior gravidade estimada pela National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (p=0,000) foram associadas a maior nível de incapacidade. Conclusão Predominou a dependência de moderada a grave. A gravidade do evento, evento prévio, hipertensão, não submissão à trombólise, retardo à chegada ao hospital e sexo feminino foram associados a maior nível de incapacidade funcional.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar el nivel de incapacidad funcional e identificar los factores asociados en las personas después de un accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. Métodos Cohorte prospectiva, realizada en un hospital de referencia en neurología, con 224 personas con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo entre marzo y octubre de 2019. Se acompañó a los participantes durante la internación, momento en que se recopilaron las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas mediante la utilización de instrumentos específicos, y se los contactó 90 días después, por teléfono, para aplicar el Índice de Barthel modificado. En el análisis se aplicó estadística descriptiva y la prueba χ2 de Pearson. Se adoptó significación estadística de 5 %. Resultados La mayoría presentó algún nivel de incapacidad funcional (58,5 %), de los cuales el 29,5 % presentó dependencia moderada y el 29,0 % dependencia severa o grave. Las siguientes variables fueron asociadas a un mayor nivel de incapacidad: sexo femenino (p=0,011), tiempo de llegada al hospital de referencia mayor o igual a 4,5 h (p=0,017), accidente cerebrovascular previo (p=0,031), no haber realizado trombólisis (p=0,023), tener hipertensión arterial (p=0,032) y mayor gravedad estimada por la National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (p=0,000). Conclusión Predominó la dependencia de moderada a grave. La gravedad del evento, evento previo, hipertensión, no realización de trombólisis, retraso de la llegada al hospital y sexo femenino fueron las variables asociadas a un mayor nivel de incapacidad funcional.

Abstract Objective To assess the functional disability level and identify associated factors in people after Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Accident. Methods A prospective cohort, carried out in a reference hospital in neurology with 224 people with ischemic stroke. Data collection took place between March and October 2019. Participants were followed up during hospitalization, when sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected using specific instruments and contacted after 90 days, by telephone call, to apply the Modified Barthel Index. In the analysis, descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test were applied. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. Results Most had some degree of functional disability (58.5%), with 29.5% having moderate dependence and 29.0% having severe dependence. The variables being female (p=0.011), time of arrival at the reference hospital greater than or equal to 4.5 hours (p=0.017), previous stroke (p=0.031), not having undergone thrombolysis (p=0.023), having high blood pressure (p=0.032) and greater severity estimated by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (p=0.000) were associated with a higher disability level. Conclusion Moderate to severe dependence predominated. The severity of the event, previous event, hypertension, non-submission to thrombolysis, delay in arriving at the hospital and female gender were associated with a higher functional disability level.

Perceived stress by mototaxi drivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics with a high level of perceived stress in motorcycle taxi drivers. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out with motorcycle taxi drivers who answered instruments on sociodemographic and occupational variables - Perceived Stress Scale, Job Content Questionnaire and Effort-Reward Imbalance. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance were used. Statistical significance was 5%. RESULTS: Of the 800 motorcycle taxi drivers, 46.8% had a high level of perceived stress. In the multivariate analysis, a high level of stress was associated with low control over work (PR=7.76; 95%CI=5.19-11.61), low social support at work (PR=3.87; 95%CI =2.95 5.08), working hours longer than eight hours a day (RP=1.47; 95%CI=1.21-1.78) and monthly income less than or equal to two minimum wages (PR=1.34;95%CI=1.13-2.58). CONCLUSION: Long working hours, occupational stressors and low income were associated with a high level of perceived stress. Public policies and interventions to minimize occupational stressors are essential.

Características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida y condiciones de salud de las personas privadas de libertad / Características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde de pessoas privadas de liberdade / Sociodemographic characteristics, life habits and health conditions of people deprived of liberty

La privación de la libertad, por sus características, impone a las personas hábitos y costumbres diferenciados que pueden influir en su salud. En ese sentido, el propósito de este estudio es describir las características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida y condiciones de salud de las personas privadas de libertad. Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, realizado en cuatro centros penitenciarios de una ciudad del sur de Brasil. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante un instrumento semiestructurado y se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para el análisis. Participaron 326 personas privadas de libertad, 90,8% eran hombres, 53,4% jóvenes, entre 18 y 29 años, 43,3% solteros, 55,8% con menos de nueve años de escolaridad, 61,3% realizaban alguna actividad en la unidad carcelaria, 63,2% eran fumadores o exfumadores, 28,2% ingerían bebidas alcohólicas y 60,4% eran usuarios o exusuarios de drogas ilícitas, 71,2% practicaban actividades físicas, 86,1% evaluaban positivamente su estado de salud y 52,5% reportaban alguna enfermedad crónica. Las enfermedades más frecuentes declaradas en sus relatos fueron las respiratorias, las gastrointestinales, las mentales, las cardiovasculares y las musculoesqueléticas. Las personas privadas de libertad tienen enfermedades crónicas y factores de riesgo prevalentes en la población general. Conocer el perfil epidemiológico de este grupo de población puede contribuir a las acciones de promoción de la salud, prevención y control de los factores de riesgo. (AU)

A privação de liberdade, por suas características, impõe as pessoas hábitos e costumes diferenciados que podem influenciar em sua saúde. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste é descrever as características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde de pessoas privadas de liberdade. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado em quatro unidades penais de um município do sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada por instrumento semiestruturado e utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise. Participaram 326 pessoas privadas de liberdade, dessas 90,8% eram do sexo masculino, 53,4% jovens, com idade entre 18 e 29 anos, 43,3% solteiras, 55,8% com escolaridade inferior a nove anos, 61,3% realizavam alguma atividade na unidade penal, 63,2% eram fumantes ou ex-fumantes, 28,2% ingeriam bebida alcoólica e 60,4% usuários ou ex-usuários de drogas ilícitas, 71,2% praticavam atividades físicas, 86,1% avaliaram positivamente o estado de saúde e 52,5% relatou alguma doença crônica. As doenças que prevaleceram nos autorrelatos foram as respiratórias, gastrointestinais, psíquicas, cardiovasculares e osteomusculares. As pessoas privadas de liberdade possuem as doenças crônicas e fatores de risco prevalentes na população em geral. Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico desse grupo populacional pode contribuir com ações promotoras de saúde, prevenção e controle dos fatores de risco. (AU)

The deprivation of liberty, due to its characteristics, imposes on people differentiated habits and customs that can influence their health. In that sense, the objective of this is to verify the prevalence of chronic diseases in the prison population. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in four prison unity in a city in southern Brazil. Data collection was performed by a semi-structured instrument and descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Participated 326 people deprived of freedom, 90.8% were male, 53.4% young, aged between 18 and 29 years, 43.3% single, 55.8% with less than nine years of schooling, 61.3% performed some activity in the penal unit, 63.2% were smokers or former smokers, 28.2% drank alcohol and 60.4% used or ex used illicit drugs, 71.2% practiced physical activities, 86.1% positively evaluated their health status and 52.5% reported some chronic disease. The most prevalent self-reported diseases were respiratory, gastrointestinal, mental, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal. People deprived of freedom have chronic diseases and risk factors prevalent in the general population. Knowing the epidemiological profile of this population group can contribute to health-promoting actions, prevention, and control of risk factors. (AU)

Factors associated with decision time to seek care in the face of ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between sociodemographic, clinical, environmental, cognitive, and emotional factors and the decision time of people with ischemic stroke to seek a health service after the onset of symptoms or wake up stroke. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out from March to October 2019, with 304 patients, in a public hospital, a reference in neurology. Data obtained through interview and from medical records. Decision time was analyzed as a geometric mean. In the bivariate and multivariate analyses, linear regression was used and the Akaike Information Criterion was used to select the best model. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. RESULTS: The geometric mean of decision time was 0.30h (95% CI 0.23-0.39). The final model explained this time in 41%, showing an increase of 0.5 min for people with arterial hypertension; 10.8 min for those who waited for symptoms to improve; 1.4 min for those who were alone at the onset of symptoms; 3.9 min for those at home; 3.2 min for the ones at work; and 2.1 for those on the street/public space. CONCLUSION: The mean decision time for seeking a health service was high and influenced by clinical, environmental, cognitive, and emotional variables. The results guide nurses regarding health education.

Arrival time at a referral hospital and functional disability of people with stroke: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a major cause of death and functional disability worldwide. Knowledge of the associated factors is essential for defining education, management, and healthcare strategies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between arrival time at a neurology referral hospital (ATRH) and functional disability in patients with ischemic stroke 90 days after the event. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study conducted at a public institution of higher education in Brazil. METHODS: This study included 241 people aged ≥ 18 years who presented ischemic stroke. The exclusion criteria were death, inability to communicate without companions who could answer the research questions, and > 10 days since ictus. Disability was assessed using the Rankin score (mR). Variables for which associations showed a P value ≤ 0.20 in bivariate analysis were tested as modifiers between ATRH and disability. Significant interaction terms were used for multivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with all variables, arriving at the complete model and adjusted beta measures. The confounding variables were included in the robust logistic regression model, and Akaike's Information Criterion was adopted to choose the final model. The Poisson model assumes a statistical significance of 5% and risk correction. RESULTS: Most participants (56.0%) arrived at the hospital within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and 51.7% presented with mRs of 3 to 5 after 90 days of ictus. In the multivariate model, ATRH ≥ 4.5 hours and females were associated with more significant disability. CONCLUSIONS: Arrival at the referral hospital 4.5 hours after the onset of symptoms or wake-up stroke was an independent predictor of a high degree of functional disability.

Ischemic stroke mortality and time for hospital arrival: analysis of the first 90 days.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between time of arrival at a reference hospital and mortality of people with ischemic stroke. METHOD: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Modifying and confounding variables between time of arrival and mortality were observed in the multivariate analysis. The Akaike Information Criterion was used to choose the model. Statistical significance of 5% and risk correction using the Poisson Model were adopted. RESULTS: Most participants arrived within 4.5 hours of symptom onset or wake up stroke to the referral hospital and 19.4% died. The score of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale was a modifier. In the multivariate model stratified by scale score ≥14, arrival time >4.5h was associated with lower mortality; and age ≥60 years and having Atrial Fibrillation, to higher mortality. In the model stratified by score ≤13, previous Rankin ≥3, and presence of atrial fibrillation were predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION: The relationship between time of arrival and mortality up to 90 days was modified by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Prior Rankin ≥3, atrial fibrillation, time to arrival ≤4.5h, and age ≥60 years contributed to higher mortality.

Sociodemographic and academic factors associated with unhealthy lifestyle among Brazilian nursing students.

This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and academic factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles among Brazilian undergraduate nursing students. A cross-sectional study was completed by 286 nursing students in Brazil. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between sociodemographic and academic variables with the latent lifestyle indicator. The model fit's validity was assessed using Akaike information coefficient estimation, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and the ROC curve. A high health risk lifestyle was 2.7 times more likely among students aged 18-24 years than students aged 25 years or older (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = [1.18, 6.54] p = 0.02); 2.3 times more likely among students with ≥400 h of semester time (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = [0.93, 5.90], p = 0.07); and 3.8 times more likely among female students (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = [0.82, 8.12], p = 0.09). A moderate health risk lifestyle was 1.8 times more likely among students from the 6th to 10th semesters (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = [-0.95, 3.75], p = 0.07). Sociodemographic and academic factors were associated with unhealthy lifestyles. Health promotion efforts are necessary to improve nursing students' health behaviors.

Telemonitoring of the Continuum of Care of Hepatitis C During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil.

Introduction: To accomplish elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030, as proposed by the World Health Organization, the Brazilian Ministry of Health outlined the Hepatitis C Elimination Plan, which provides coverage of all critical steps in the continuum of care (CoC) of hepatitis C. As expected, the advent of COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the CoC of hepatitis C worldwide. The Brazilian Liver Institute launched a remote patient monitoring (RPM) program to assist the general population at risk in HCV testing and to provide linkage and retention to care for HCV-positive subjects. The RPM program was also designed to relink HCV-positive patients lost to follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic due to their limited access to the health care system. Methods: The HCV telemonitoring number was highly advertised in Brazilian media. The RPM program was conducted by dedicated health care personnel trained to follow a predefined script designed to provide awareness, ensure consistent information for educational purposes, and recruit eligible participants to be tested for HCV. Results: From August 2020 to December 2021, 3,738 subjects entered in contact with RPM. There were 26,884 interactions (mean 7.2 interactions per participant), mostly by WhatsApp (78%). Twenty out of those 221 subjects (9%) who tested were HCV positive. Those subjects altogether with 128 other patients with HCV, tested elsewhere, were followed in the HCV CoC. Up to now, 94% of them were linked to care, 24% are undergoing treatment and 8% achieved sustained virological response (SVR). Conclusions: Our preliminary results showed that HCV CoC telemonitoring was a feasible and useful strategy to follow HCV at-risk subjects through all cascade of care until SVR during the COVID-19 health care disruption. It could be used beyond the defervescence of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to ensure linkage to care of those HCV-positive patients.

Disposição de enfermeiros para o uso do telemonitoramento em usuários com condições crônicas: estudo transversal / Nurses' willingness to resort to telemonitoring in users with chronic conditions: a cross-sectional study

OBJETIVO: Verificar a disposição de enfermeiros da Atenção Primária em utilizar o telemonitoramento no acompanhamento de usuários com hipertensão arterial e/ou diabetes mellitus. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal realizado com enfermeiros atuantes nos municípios da 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná. Dos 289 convidados, 65 responderam ao questionário online disponibilizado em maio e junho de 2021 no Google Forms. Foram incluídos os enfermeiros que atuavam nas unidades de saúde da 15ª Regional de Saúde e que responderam ao questionário enviado. Não foi adotado nenhum critério de exclusão, mesmo quando o enfermeiro deixava alguma questão em branco. Na análise, foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Razão de Prevalência. RESULTADOS: Entre as variáveis analisadas, observou-se associação entre ter menos idade e menor tempo de formado e a percepção de que o telemonitoramento sem atendimento presencial é insuficiente para acompanhar os usuários, e das variáveis "telemonitoramento favorece a comunicação com o paciente" e "é possível" com "otimiza o trabalho da equipe". E também maior disposição para uso foi observada entre os que receberam capacitação. CONCLUSÃO: Ausência de capacitações e insuficiência de equipamentos e recursos humanos são fatores que afetam e podem inviabilizar o uso do telemonitoramento.

OBJECTIVE: To verify Primary Care nurses' willingness to resort to Telemonitoring in the follow-up of users with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus. METHOD: A cross-sectional study conducted with nurses working in the municipalities from the 15th Health Region of Paraná. Of all the 289 individuals invited, 65 answered the online questionnaire made available in May and June 2021 via Google Forms. The nurses included were those working in the health units from the 15th Health Region and who answered the questionnaire sent. No exclusion criteria were adopted, even when a nurse left some questions unanswered. Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and Prevalence Ratio tests were used in the analysis. RESULTS: An association was observed between less time since graduation and the perception that Telemonitoring without in-person assistance is insufficient to follow up the users; in addition, it was noticed that the Telemonitoring variables favor communication with the patients and can streamline the work performed by the team. More willingness to use Telemonitoring was perceived among those who underwent training. CONCLUSION: The absence of training sessions and the insufficiency of devices and human resources affect and may preclude Telemonitoring.

Qualidade de vida de mulheres com excesso de peso / Quality of life of overweight women / Quality of life of overweight women

Objetivo: Identificar características sociodemográficas e clínicas de mulheres com excesso de peso e descrever a associação entre qualidade de vida e estado nutricional. Método: estudo transversal, com 82 mulheres de ambulatório público, na Bahia. Utilizou-se formulários sociodemográfico e clínico, o SF-36, a estatística descritiva, o teste de Kruskal Wallis e significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: A maioria era negra (92,7%), tinha de 40 a 59 anos (85,4%), companheiro (51,2%), até o ensino médio (61,0%), trabalho remunerado (52,4%) e renda mensal ≤ 3 salários-mínimos (86,6%). Tinha obesidade grau I 34,1% e III 31,7% e duas comorbidades 32,9%. Os domínios dor, estado geral de saúde e vitalidade foram mais comprometidos, com medianas de 51, 52, e 55, respectivamente. Mulheres com obesidade III apresentaram pior qualidade de vida nos domínios capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos e dor (p≤0,05). Considerações finais: O excesso de peso afeta a qualidade de vida, especialmente, em mulheres com obesidade III.

Objetivo: Identificar características sociodemográficas y clínicas de mujeres con sobrepeso y describir la asociación entre calidad de vida y estado nutricional Método: estudio transversal, con 82 mujeres de ambulatorio público, en Bahía. Se utilizó formularios sociodemográfico y clínico, el SF-36, la estadística descriptiva, el test de Kruskal Wallis y significación estadística del 5%. Resultados: La mayoría era negra (92,7%), tenía de 40 a 59 años (85,4%), compañero (51,2%), hasta la enseñanza media (61,0%), trabajo remunerado (52,4%) e ingreso mensual 3 salarios-mínimos (86,6%). Tenía obesidad grado I 34,1% y III 31,7% y dos comorbilidades 32,9%. Los dominios dolor, estado general de salud y vitalidad fueron más comprometidos, con medianas de 51, 52, y 55, respectivamente. Mujeres con obesidad III presentaron peor calidad de vida en los dominios capacidad funcional, aspectos físicos y dolor (p 0,05). Consideraciones finales: El sobrepeso afecta la calidad de vida, especialmente en mujeres con obesidad III.

Objective: To identify overweight women's sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and describe the association between quality of life and nutritional status. Method: a cross-sectional study with 82 women from a public outpatient clinic in Bahia. We used sociodemographic and clinical forms, the SF-36, descriptive statistics, the Kruskal Wallis test, and a statistical significance of 5%. Results: The majority were black (92.7%), had 40 to 59 years (85.4%), had a partner (51.2%), up to high school (61.0%), paid work (52.4%) and had monthly income 3 minimum wages (86.6%). She had obesity grade I 34.1%, III 31.7%, and two comorbidities 32.9%. The domains of pain, general health status, and vitality were more compromised, with medians of 51, 52, and 55, respectively. Women with obesity III had worse quality of life in the functional capacity, physical aspects and pain domains (p 0.05). Final considerations: Overweight affects quality of life, especially in women with obesity III.

Factors associated with decision time to seek care in the face of ischemic stroke / Factores asociados con el tiempo de decisión para buscar atención médica por accidente cerebrovascular isquémico / Fatores associados ao tempo de decisão para procurar atendimento em face ao acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between sociodemographic, clinical, environmental, cognitive, and emotional factors and the decision time of people with ischemic stroke to seek a health service after the onset of symptoms or wake up stroke. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out from March to October 2019, with 304 patients, in a public hospital, a reference in neurology. Data obtained through interview and from medical records. Decision time was analyzed as a geometric mean. In the bivariate and multivariate analyses, linear regression was used and the Akaike Information Criterion was used to select the best model. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. Results: The geometric mean of decision time was 0.30h (95% CI 0.23-0.39). The final model explained this time in 41%, showing an increase of 0.5 min for people with arterial hypertension; 10.8 min for those who waited for symptoms to improve; 1.4 min for those who were alone at the onset of symptoms; 3.9 min for those at home; 3.2 min for the ones at work; and 2.1 for those on the street/public space. Conclusion: The mean decision time for seeking a health service was high and influenced by clinical, environmental, cognitive, and emotional variables. The results guide nurses regarding health education.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre factores sociodemográficos, clínicos, ambientales, cognitivos, y emocionales y el tiempo de decisión de las personas con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico para buscar un servicio de salud luego del inicio de los síntomas o Wake up stroke Método: Estudio transversal realizado de marzo a octubre de 2019, con 304 pacientes, en un hospital público, referencia en neurología. Datos obtenidos por entrevista y de la historia clínica. El tiempo de decisión se analizó como una media geométrica. En los análisis bivariados y multivariados se utilizó la regresión lineal y el Criterio de Información de Akaike para seleccionar el mejor modelo. Se adoptó una significancia estadística del 5% Resultados: La media geométrica del tiempo de decisión fue de 0,30h (IC 95% 0,23-0,39). El modelo final explicó este tiempo en un 41%, mostrando un aumento de 0,5 min para las personas con hipertensión arterial, 10,8 min para las que esperaron a que los síntomas mejoraran, 1,4 min para las que estaban solas al inicio de los síntomas, 3, 9 min para las que estaban en casa, 3,2 min para los que estaban en el trabajo y 2,1 en la calle/vía pública Conclusión: El tiempo promedio de decisión para buscar un servicio de salud fue alto e influenciado por variables clínicas, ambientales, cognitivas y emocionales. Los resultados orientan a los enfermeros hacia la educación en salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos, ambientais, cognitivos e emocionais e o tempo de decisão de pessoas com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico para procurar um serviço de saúde após o início dos sintomas ou Wake up stroke Método: Estudo transversal realizado de março a outubro de 2019, com 304 pacientes, em hospital público, referência em neurologia. Dados obtidos por entrevista e no prontuário. O tempo de decisão foi analisado em média geométrica. Nas análises bivariadas e multivariada foi usada a regressão linear e o Critério de Informação de Akaike foi usado na seleção do melhor modelo. Adotou- se significância estatística de 5% Resultados: A média geométrica do tempo de decisão foi de 0,30h (IC 95% 0,23-0,39). O modelo final explicou em 41% esse tempo, mostrando aumento de 0,5 min para pessoas com hipertensão arterial; 10,8 min para quem esperou os sintomas melhorarem; 1,4 min para quem estava sozinho no início dos sintomas; 3,9 min para quem estava em casa; 3,2 min no trabalho e 2,1 na rua/via pública Conclusão: A média do tempo de decisão para procura de serviço de saúde foi alta e influenciada por variáveis clínicas, ambientais, cognitivas e emocionais. Os resultados orientam enfermeiros para a educação em saúde.

Tecnologia social para a prevenção de úlceras em pés de pessoas diabéticas / Social technology for the prevention of foot ulcers in diabetic people / Tecnología social para la prevención de úlceras del pie en personas diabéticas

Objetivo:Descrever a construção de tecnologia social para prevenção de úlceras em pés de pessoas diabéticas. Método:Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, caráter descritivo-exploratório, corresponde a uma pesquisa ação que foi realizada com 11 enfermeiras integrantes da Rede de Atenção Primária à Saúde do Município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Esta pesquisa foi norteada pelaperspectiva Crítico-Libertadora de Paulo Freire. Resultados:A construção da tecnologia social para prevenção de úlceras em pés de pessoas diabéticas se deu com a participação de enfermeiras atuantes na APS, as quais coletivamente propuseram os elementos necessários para compor a planilha online de rastreio no Google Drive. Tais elementos abarcam as necessidades de identificação do paciente, conhecimento da história clínica, acompanhamento da diabetes e suas possíveis complicações, itens para o rastreio, além de determinar encaminhamentos. Considerações finais:A tecnologia social se constitui como facilmente replicável, de baixo custo e com relevância social. Sua utilização alcança não apenas enfermeiras, mas abrange outros profissionais de saúde, assim como tem impacto direto na qualidade de vida de pessoas com diabetes.

Objective: To describe the construction of social technology for the prevention of foot ulcers in diabetic people. Method: Study with a qualitative approach, with a descriptive-exploratory character, corresponding to action research that was carried out with 11 nurses who are members of the Primary Health Care Network in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. This research was guided by Paulo Freire's Critical-Liberating perspective. Results:The construction of social technology for the prevention of foot ulcers in diabetic people took place with the participation of nurses working in the PHC, who collectively presented the necessary elements to compose the online tracking worksheet on Google Drive. Such elements include the needs for patient identification, knowledge of the clinical history, monitoring of diabetes and its possible complications, items for tracking, in addition to determining the referral.Final considerations: Social technology is easily replicable, low cost and socially popular. Its use reaches not only nurses, but also other health professionals, as well as having a direct impact on the quality of life of people with diabetes.

Objetivo: Describir la construcción de tecnología social para prevenir úlceras en los pies en personas diabéticas. Método:Estudio con enfoque cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo-exploratorio, correspondiente a una investigación-acción que se realizó con 11 enfermeros integrantes de la Red de Atención Primaria de Salud del Municipio de Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Esta investigación estuvo guiada por la perspectiva Crítico-Liberador de Paulo Freire. Resultados:La construcción de tecnología social para prevenir úlceras del pie en personas diabéticas se realizó con la participación de enfermeros que trabajan en la APS, quienes colectivamente propusieron los elementos necesarios para la composición de la hoja de seguimiento en línea en Google Drive. Estos elementos cubren las necesidades de identificación del paciente, conocimiento de la historia clínica, seguimiento de la diabetes y sus posibles complicaciones, elementos de tamizaje, además de determinar derivaciones. Consideraciones finales:La tecnología social es fácilmente replicable, de bajo costo y socialmente relevante. Su uso llega no sólo al personal de enfermería, sino también a otros profesionales de la salud, además de tener un impacto directo en la calidad de vida de las personas con diabetes.

Perceived stress by mototaxi drivers and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational characteristics / Estrés percibido por mototaxistas y su relación con características sociodemográficas y ocupacionales / Estresse percebido por mototaxistas e sua relação com características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics with a high level of perceived stress in motorcycle taxi drivers. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with motorcycle taxi drivers who answered instruments on sociodemographic and occupational variables - Perceived Stress Scale, Job Content Questionnaire and Effort-Reward Imbalance. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance were used. Statistical significance was 5%. Results: Of the 800 motorcycle taxi drivers, 46.8% had a high level of perceived stress. In the multivariate analysis, a high level of stress was associated with low control over work (PR=7.76; 95%CI=5.19-11.61), low social support at work (PR=3.87; 95%CI =2.95 5.08), working hours longer than eight hours a day (RP=1.47; 95%CI=1.21-1.78) and monthly income less than or equal to two minimum wages (PR=1.34;95%CI=1.13-2.58). Conclusion: Long working hours, occupational stressors and low income were associated with a high level of perceived stress. Public policies and interventions to minimize occupational stressors are essential.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar relación de características sociodemográficas y ocupacionales con alto nivel de estrés percibido en mototaxistas. Método: Estudio transversal realizado con mototaxistas que respondieron a instrumentos sobre variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales - Perceived Stress Scale, Job Content Questionnaire y Effort-Reward Imbalance. Empleado la estadística descriptiva, prueba chi-cuadrado de Pearson y regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. La relevancia estadística fue 5%. Resultados: De los 800 mototaxistas, 46,8% presentaron alto nivel de estrés percibido. En el análisis multivariado, el alto nivel de estrés fue relacionado con bajo control sobre el trabajo (RP=7,76; IC95%=5,19-11,61), bajo soporte social en el trabajo (RP=3,87; IC95%=2,95 5,08), jornada laboral mayor que ocho horas al día (RP=1,47; IC95%=1,21-1,78) y renta mensual menor o igual a dos salarios mínimos (RP=1,34; IC95%=1,13-2,58). Conclusión: Extensa jornada laboral, estresores ocupacionales y baja renta fueron relacionados al alto nivel de estrés percibido. Políticas públicas e intervenciones para minimizar estresores ocupacionales son imprescindibles.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar associação de características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais com alto nível de estresse percebido em mototaxistas. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com mototaxistas que responderam a instrumentos sobre variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais - Perceived Stress Scale, Job Content Questionnaire e Effort-Reward Imbalance. Empregou-se a estatística descritiva, teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. A significância estatística foi 5%. Resultados: Dos 800 mototaxistas, 46,8% apresentaram alto nível de estresse percebido. Na análise multivariada, o alto nível de estresse foi associado com baixo controle sobre o trabalho (RP=7,76; IC95%=5,19-11,61), baixo suporte social no trabalho (RP=3,87; IC95%=2,95 5,08), jornada de trabalho maior que oito horas por dia (RP=1,47; IC95%=1,21-1,78) e renda mensal menor ou igual a dois salários mínimos (RP=1,34; IC95%=1,13-2,58). Conclusão: Extensa jornada de trabalho, estressores ocupacionais e baixa renda foram associados ao alto nível de estresse percebido. Políticas públicas e intervenções para minimizar estressores ocupacionais são imprescindíveis.

Clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with time spent sitting in military police / Factores clínicos y sociodemográficos asociados al tiempo de permanencia en la policía militar / Fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos associados ao tempo gasto sentado em policiais militares

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between clinical and sociodemographic factors and time spent sitting in military police. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, with 432 military police officers from Eastern Regional Policing Command units of the Military Police of Bahia de Feira de Santana. Data collection took place from August to December 2022 through Google Forms using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: Men predominated (82.35%), race/color was black (87.04%), the head of the family had completed higher education (47.69%) and police officers with a partner (81.94%). The risk of time spent sitting ≥ 180 minutes per day was lower in males (IRR < 1). Increasing age was associated with a lower risk of time spent sitting ≥ 180 minutes per day (IRR < 1). Conclusion: Male police officers with more years of experience were less exposed to sedentary behavior. Specific interventions and health policies aimed at combating sedentary behavior become relevant, aiming to promote health and prevent diseases.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre factores clínicos y sociodemográficos y el tiempo de permanencia en la policía militar. Método: Estudio transversal, con 432 policías militares de unidades del Comando de Policía Regional Este de la Policía Militar de Bahía de Feira de Santana. La recolección de datos se realizó de agosto a diciembre de 2022 a través de Google Forms utilizando el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. Resultados: Predominaron los hombres (82,35%), la raza/color fue negra (87,04%), el jefe de familia tenía estudios superiores (47,69%) y los policías con pareja (81,94%). El riesgo de pasar tiempo sentado ≥ 180 minutos por día fue menor en los hombres (IRR < 1). El aumento de la edad se asoció con un menor riesgo de pasar tiempo sentado ≥ 180 minutos por día (IRR < 1). Conclusión: Los policías varones con más años de experiencia estuvieron menos expuestos al comportamiento sedentario. Cobran relevancia intervenciones y políticas de salud específicas dirigidas a combatir el sedentarismo, con el objetivo de promover la salud y prevenir enfermedades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos e o tempo gasto sentado em policiais militares. Método: Estudo transversal, com 432 policiais militares das unidades do Comando de Policiamento Regional Leste da Polícia Militar da Bahia de Feira de Santana. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a dezembro de 2022 através do Google Forms constando o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física. Resultados: Predominaram homens (82,35%), raça/cor negra (87,04%), nível de escolaridade do chefe da família superior completo (47,69%) e policiais com companheiro(a) (81,94%). O risco do tempo gasto sentado ≥ 180 minutos por dia foi menor no sexo masculino (IRR < 1). O aumento da idade foi associado a menor risco de tempo gasto sentado ≥ 180 minutos por dia (IRR < 1). Conclusão: Policiais do sexo masculino e com mais anos de vida estavam menos expostos ao comportamento sedentário. Intervenções específicas e políticas de saúde voltadas ao combate do comportamento sedentário se tornam relevantes, visando à promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos.

Ischemic stroke mortality and time for hospital arrival: analysis of the first 90 days / Mortalidad por accidente cerebrovascular isquémico y tiempo de llegada al hospital: análisis de los primeros 90 días / Mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico e tempo de chegada a hospital: análise dos primeiros 90 dias

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between time of arrival at a reference hospital and mortality of people with ischemic stroke. Method: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Modifying and confounding variables between time of arrival and mortality were observed in the multivariate analysis. The Akaike Information Criterion was used to choose the model. Statistical significance of 5% and risk correction using the Poisson Model were adopted. Results: Most participants arrived within 4.5 hours of symptom onset or wake up stroke to the referral hospital and 19.4% died. The score of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale was a modifier. In the multivariate model stratified by scale score ≥14, arrival time >4.5h was associated with lower mortality; and age ≥60 years and having Atrial Fibrillation, to higher mortality. In the model stratified by score ≤13, previous Rankin ≥3, and presence of atrial fibrillation were predictors of mortality. Conclusion: The relationship between time of arrival and mortality up to 90 days was modified by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Prior Rankin ≥3, atrial fibrillation, time to arrival ≤4.5h, and age ≥60 years contributed to higher mortality.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre el tiempo de llegada a un hospital de referencia y la mortalidad de las personas con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. Método: Fueron usadas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. En el análisis multivariado se verificaron variables modificadoras y confusoras entre el tiempo de llegada y la mortalidad. Para la elección del modelo se utilizó el Criterio de Información de Akaike. Se adoptó la significación estadística del 5% y la corrección del riesgo mediante el Modelo de Poisson. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes llegaron dentro de las 4,5 horas posteriores al inicio de los síntomas o wake up stroke al hospital de referencia y el 19,4% fallecieron. La puntuación de la escala National Institute of Health Stroke Scale fue un modificador. En el modelo multivariante estratificado por puntaje de escala ≥14, el tiempo de llegada >4,5 h se asoció con una menor mortalidad; y edad ≥60 años y con Fibrilación Auricular a mayor mortalidad. En el modelo estratificado por puntaje ≤13, Rankin previo ≥3 y tener fibrilación auricular fueron predictores de mortalidad. Conclusión: La relación entre tiempo de llegada y mortalidad hasta los 90 días fue modificada por puntaje de la escala National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Rankin previo ≥3, fibrilación auricular, tiempo hasta la llegada ≤4,5 h y la edad ≥60 años contribuyeron a una mayor mortalidad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre tempo de chegada a hospital de referência e mortalidade de pessoas com Acidente Vascular Cerebral isquêmico. Método: Foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Variáveis modificadoras e confundidoras entre tempo de chegada e mortalidade foram verificadas na análise multivariada. O Critério de Informação de Akaike foi utilizado para escolha do modelo. Adotou-se significância estatística de 5% e correção de risco pelo Modelo de Poisson. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes chegou em até 4,5 horas do início dos sintomas ou wake up stroke ao hospital de referência e 19,4% morreram. A pontuação da National Institute of Health Stroke Scale foi um modificador. No modelo multivariado estratificado por pontuação da escala ≥14, o tempo de chegada >4,5h estava associado a menor mortalidade; e idade ≥60 anos e ter Fibrilação Atrial, a maior mortalidade. No modelo estratificado por pontuação ≤13, Rankin prévio ≥3 e ter fibrilação atrial foram preditores de mortalidade. Conclusão: A relação entre tempo de chegada e mortalidade até 90 dias foi modificada pela pontuação da National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Rankin prévio ≥3, fibrilação atrial, tempo de chegada ≤4,5h e idade ≥60 anos contribuíram para maior mortalidade.

Association of sex and training phase with physical activity and sedentary behavior in nursing students / Associação do sexo e fase de formação com atividade física e comportamento sedentário em universitários de enfermagem

Abstract Physical Insufficient levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior are highly prevalent worldwide and associated with cardiometabolic diseases and may vary according to gender and academic training. The objective was to investigate the association of sex and academic training with the level of physical activity and time spent in sedentary behavior in nursing students. It is a cross-sectional study with 286 nursing students from a public university. A sociodemographic and academic characterization instrument and an extended version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were applied. Data were analyzed descriptively and by Pearson's Chi-Square/Fisher's Exact test. The significance level was 5%. 65.7% of university students were active. Men were more active in leisure (p=0.000) and commuting (p=0.03). There was no association between sex and semester and total physical activity level. The prevalence of time in sedentary behavior ≥ 8 h/day for seven, five days, and weekends were 39.3%, 57.1%, and 21.4% for men and 55.0%, 65.1%, and 43.0% for women. A more significant proportion of women showed time in sedentary behavior ≥ 8 h/day on weekends (p=0.015) than men. A higher proportion between the 1st and 5th semesters remained ≥ 8 h/day in sedentary behavior on seven (p=0.024) and five days (p=0.001) week compared to those between the 6th and 10th semesters. The prevalence of insufficient physical activity levels and a long time in sedentary behavior were high and influenced by gender and training phase. Men were more active in commuting and leisure than women. Sedentary behavior is associated with gender and a training phase.

Resumo Nível insuficiente de atividade física e comportamento sedentário estão associados a doenças cardiometabólicas e apresentam prevalências elevadas mundialmente e podem variar entre sexo e fase de formação de universitários (as) em enfermagem. Objetivou-se investigar a associação do sexo e da fase de formação acadêmica com o nível de atividade física e tempo em comportamento sedentário em universitários de enfermagem. Estudo transversal, com 286 universitários de enfermagem de uma Universidade pública. Aplicou-se instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica, acadêmica e versão longa do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, analisados descritivamente e pelo teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson/Exato de Fisher. O nível de significância foi de 5%. 65,7% dos universitários eram ativos. Homens foram mais ativos no lazer (p=0,000) e deslocamento (p=0,03). Não houve associação do sexo e do semestre com nível de atividade física total. As prevalências do tempo em comportamento sedentário ≥ 8 h/dia, durante sete, cinco dias e final de semana foram, respectivamente, 39,3%, 57,1% e 21,4% para homens e 55,0%, 65,1% e 43,0% para mulheres. Maior proporção de mulheres apresentou tempo em comportamento sedentário ≥ 8 h/dia no final de semana (p=0,015). Maior proporção entre o 1º e 5º semestres permaneciam ≥ 8 h/dia em comportamento sedentário em sete (p=0.024) e cinco dias (p=0.001) na semana comparados àqueles entre o 6º e 10º semestre. As prevalências do nível insuficiente de atividade física e tempo elevado em comportamento sedentário foram altas. Homens foram mais ativos no deslocamento e no lazer do que as mulheres. Comportamento sedentário se associou ao gênero e a fase de formação.

Arrival time at a referral hospital and functional disability of people with stroke: a cohort study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Stroke is a major cause of death and functional disability worldwide. Knowledge of the associated factors is essential for defining education, management, and healthcare strategies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between arrival time at a neurology referral hospital (ATRH) and functional disability in patients with ischemic stroke 90 days after the event. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study conducted at a public institution of higher education in Brazil. METHODS: This study included 241 people aged ≥ 18 years who presented ischemic stroke. The exclusion criteria were death, inability to communicate without companions who could answer the research questions, and > 10 days since ictus. Disability was assessed using the Rankin score (mR). Variables for which associations showed a P value ≤ 0.20 in bivariate analysis were tested as modifiers between ATRH and disability. Significant interaction terms were used for multivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with all variables, arriving at the complete model and adjusted beta measures. The confounding variables were included in the robust logistic regression model, and Akaike's Information Criterion was adopted to choose the final model. The Poisson model assumes a statistical significance of 5% and risk correction. RESULTS: Most participants (56.0%) arrived at the hospital within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and 51.7% presented with mRs of 3 to 5 after 90 days of ictus. In the multivariate model, ATRH ≥ 4.5 hours and females were associated with more significant disability. CONCLUSIONS: Arrival at the referral hospital 4.5 hours after the onset of symptoms or wake-up stroke was an independent predictor of a high degree of functional disability.

Nursing interventions for people in palliative care, based on the Dignity Model.

BACKGROUND: The use of the standardised nursing language aims to accurately represent clinical practice, contributing to proper documentation and the creation of evidence-based practice. AIMS: To validate nursing interventions (NI) for patients in palliative care, structuring these using the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. METHODS: A methodological study was conducted, developed according to the recommendations of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) and anchored in the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. The NI were developed in four stages: 1) construction of NI, based in the International Standards Organisation's standard (18.104:2014); 2) content validation by 26 expert nurses; 3) cross-mapping with the NIs contained in the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) catalogue, Palliative Care for Dignified Dying, to identify those already existing in the catalogue; and 4) structuring the NI based on the concepts of the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. FINDINGS: 209 NI were validated and grouped into categories, namely: illness-related concerns; dignity-conservation repertoire; social dignity inventory. Of these, 183 were new and 26 already existed in the ICNP® Catalogue. CONCLUSION: The study presents new insights into palliative care in Brazil and presents 183 new NI in addition to those already published by the ICN.

Associação de características sociodemográficas com fatores de risco cardiovascular em homens hipertensos / Asociación de características sociodemográficas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular en hombres hipertensos / Association of sociodemographic characteristics with cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive men

Objetivo: investigar a associação de características sociodemográficas com fatores de risco cardiovascular em homens hipertensos. Método: estudo transversal efetuado com 80 homens entrevistados e avaliados clinicamente. Dados analisados descritivamente e pelos testes Qui-Quadrado de Person ou Exato de Fisher. O nível de significância estatística foi de 5%. Resultados: houve maior prevalência de tabagismo em ?60 anos (p=0,002), nível insuficiente de atividade física em ?60 anos (p=0,017), fumantes passivos em brancos (p=0,026) e sem companheira (p=0,039) e consumo excessivo de álcool no final de semana em brancos (p=0,043) e homens com menor escolaridade (p=0,041). Conclusão: foi observada a associação de características sociodemográficas com elevada prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular descontrolados em homens hipertensos.

Objetivo: investigar la asociación de características sociodemográficas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular en hombres hipertensos. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 80 hombres entrevistados y evaluados clínicamente. Datos analizados descriptivamente y por pruebas de Persona de Fisher o Chi-Cuadrado Exacto. El nivel de significación estadística fue del 5%. Resultados: hubo mayor prevalencia de tabaquismo en ?60 años (p=0,002), nivel insuficiente de actividad física en ?60 años (p=0,017), fumadores pasivos en blancos (p=0,026) y sin pareja (p=0,039) y consumo excesivo de alcohol en fin de semana en blancos (p=0,043) y hombres con menor escolaridad (p=0,041). Conclusión: se observó la asociación de características sociodemográficas con una alta prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular no controlados en hombres hipertensos.

Objective: to investigate the association of sociodemographic characteristics with cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive men. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 men interviewed and clinically evaluated. Data were analyzed descriptively and by Fisher's Exact or Person Chi-Square tests. The level of statistical significance was 5%. Results: there was a higher prevalence of smoking in ?60 years (p=0.002), insufficient level of physical activity in ?60 years (p=0.017), passive smokers in whites (p=0.026) and without a partner (p=0.039), and excessive consumption of alcohol at the weekend in whites (p=0.043) and men with lower schooling (p=0.041). Conclusion: sociodemographic characteristics were associated with a high prevalence of uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive men.